Endomysial Antibody (EMA) IgA

Endomysial antibodies (EMA) of the IgA class are highly specific markers for celiac disease. They target the endomysium, a connective tissue sheath around smooth muscle fibers, which contains tissue transglutaminase (tTG). A positive EMA test is nearly 100% specific for celiac disease and is often used as a confirmatory test after a positive tTG result, especially before an intestinal biopsy. The result is typically reported as a titer.